Overview
Lily of the Valley is native to Europe and Asia and has naturalized in parts of North America. It spreads by rhizomes and forms dense colonies of paired leaves topped with arching stems of fragrant white bells. All parts of the plant are toxic if ingested.
Care Guide
Light
Partial to full shade is ideal. It can tolerate some morning sun but prefers protection from hot afternoon sun.
Water
Keep the soil consistently moist, especially while establishing. It prefers cool, moist conditions.
Soil
Rich, humus-rich, well-draining soil that stays moist. It thrives in woodland-type conditions.
Temperature
Very cold-hardy. It needs a winter chill to bloom well and performs best in cooler climates.
Spreading
It spreads readily by rhizomes. Plant it where it has room to expand or contain it with barriers.
After Blooming
Foliage remains attractive for some time after flowering. Leave it until it yellows naturally.
Propagation
Easily divided in autumn or early spring. Dig up the pips (rhizomes with growth buds) and replant immediately.
Common Problems
- Few flowers – Often too much shade, overcrowding, or the plants are still young.
- Leaf spot or other fungal issues – Improve air circulation and avoid overhead watering.
- Invasiveness – Can spread aggressively in ideal conditions; site carefully.
Interesting Facts
- Lily of the Valley is the traditional flower of May and is associated with sweetness and humility.
- It is highly fragrant and has been used in perfumery.
- All parts of the plant are toxic and should be kept away from children and pets.
- It is a popular choice for shaded woodland gardens and as a groundcover under trees.
